London

thumb|300px|The Tower of London Settlements have existed on the site of London since well before Roman times, with evidence of Bronze Age and Celtic inhabitants. The Roman city of Londinium, established just after the Roman conquest of Britannia in the year 43, formed the basis for the modern city (some isolated Roman period remains are still to be seen within the City).

After the end of Roman rule in 410 and a short-lived decline, London experienced a gradual revival under the Anglo-Saxons, as well as the Norsemen, and emerged as a great medieval trading city, eventually replacing Winchester as the royal capital of England. This paramount status for London was confirmed when William the Conqueror, a Norman, built the Tower of London after the conquest in 1066 and was crowned King of England in Westminster.

thumb|Summary map of rail connections to London airports London receives more flights than any other city in the world. It is served by six airports ( for all airports).

There are direct public transport connections between all London airports and the city centre. The quickest travel option is usually by train, tube or coach.

The main travel options in summary are: *By bus: Running by iconic red double-decker buses, this is the cheapest and usually the best way to get around London as a tourist: on most of the Underground, you won't see anything! *By Tube / Underground: As world's oldest rapid transit system, there are 11 lines cover the central area and northern suburbs, run by TfL. *By Overground and the Elizabeth Line: Urban communter rail systems run between central area and suburbs, part of National Rail network but run by TfL. *By National Rail: A complex network of suburban rail services mainly covering southern suburbs, privately run and not part of the TfL network, although all operators now accept Oyster payments within Greater London. *By Docklands Light Railway (DLR): An automatic metro system running from the City to East London via the Docklands, run by TfL.

A Traditional 'Blue Lamp' outside a police station in London|thumb In an emergency, telephone 999 or 112. This number connects to police, ambulance and fire & rescue services as well as the coastguard for incidents on the river.

You will be asked which of these services you require before being connected to the relevant operator. London has two of the oldest police forces in the world.